MIT Technology Review Unveils the 10 Breakthrough Technologies to Watch in 2026
Each year, the editors and reporters at MIT Technology Review carefully examine emerging technologies poised to shape the future—highlighting innovations that could drive progress or cause significant change. Their 2026 edition of the “10 Breakthrough Technologies” list showcases a compelling array of scientific and technological advances expected to impact various sectors including energy, artificial intelligence (AI), biotechnology, and space exploration.
Key Technologies Defining 2026
Climate Change and Energy Innovations
Sodium-Ion Batteries
Traditionally, lithium-ion batteries have powered everything from electric vehicles (EVs) to portable electronics, but sodium-ion batteries present a promising alternative. Using abundant and inexpensive materials such as salt, these batteries promise to lower costs and enhance safety. Supported by major industry players and public investment, sodium-ion technology has the potential to revolutionize electric grids and the affordability of EVs globally.Next-Generation Nuclear Power
While nuclear energy continues to supply steady, carbon-free electricity worldwide, next-gen nuclear reactors could transform the industry. These new designs utilize alternative fuels, advanced cooling systems, and compact footprints, enabling faster deployment and improved safety. Innovations like molten salt reactors and TRISO fuel are key to breaking out of the limitations of 20th-century nuclear blueprints.
Advancements in Artificial Intelligence
Generative Coding
AI-driven coding tools are reshaping software development by automating coding, testing, and deployment. This accelerates the creation of complex websites, applications, and games, although users should remain cautious and review AI-generated code for errors.AI Companions
Millions of people now regularly interact with AI chatbots, sometimes forming emotional bonds with them. This emerging phenomenon raises concerns about psychological effects, prompting growing political attention to its potential risks.Mechanistic Interpretability
Understanding how large language models operate has long been challenging. However, new research is beginning to decode the "black box," providing insights into their inner workings and limitations—an essential step for improving their reliability and safety.Hyperscale AI Data Centers
The rapid advancement of AI has supercharged the growth of hyperscale data centers. These facilities contain synchronized clusters of powerful chips that operate like enormous supercomputers, demanding enormous energy and optimized infrastructure to sustain the AI race.
Breakthroughs in Biotechnology
Base-Edited Babies
Personalized gene-editing treatments have reached a milestone with the first baby, known as KJ, receiving base-editing therapy at just seven months old. Clinical trials are underway, and bespoke gene-editing drugs may become widely approved in the coming years.Gene Resurrection
Researchers are exploring vast genetic data from extinct species to uncover novel treatments and environmental solutions, potentially aiding efforts to combat climate change and save endangered animals.Embryo Scoring
While genetic screening for diseases during IVF is common, new startups now claim to predict traits such as intelligence, sparking ethical debates and caution within the fertility field.
Other Noteworthy Technologies
- Commercial Space Stations
Space tourism is on the cusp of becoming a reality as new commercial space station modules launch. These stations are expected to welcome paying customers while supporting scientific research missions, potentially ushering in broader access to orbit.
Public Engagement and Future Prospects
Readers are invited to participate by voting for an additional breakthrough technology they believe should be recognized. Candidates include reasoning models that enhance AI problem-solving, artificial wombs to improve neonatal care, humanoid robots, and uncrewed fighter jets, reflecting the breadth of innovations on the horizon.
About the List
MIT Technology Review’s annual list, now in its 25th year, aims to highlight emerging technologies that will have meaningful impacts—whether positive or negative—on society, business, and daily life. The rigorous editorial process involves months of debate among experts to select the most promising breakthroughs.
For more in-depth analyses and to explore past lists and their predictions, readers can visit MIT Technology Review’s archives.
About MIT Technology Review
Founded in 1899, MIT Technology Review is an independent media company renowned for its insightful coverage of emerging technologies and their commercial, social, and political implications. Its mission is to inform and empower readers by breaking down complex innovations shaping the future.
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